Analysis of the Effective Factors on Drought Management in Rural Areas, from The Viewpoint of Households (Case Study: Eslamaban Gharb)

Document Type : Full length article

Authors

1 PhD Candidate of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
In recent years, due to the successive droughts, many villages have suffered from a slight blue crisis. The droughts have certainly caused adverse effects on their social, economic and environmental conditions. The fundamental problem has occurred when the authorities  have not discussed the effects of this drought on the lives of villagers and have  taken no action in the dysfunctional and cross-sectional measures. Undoubtedly, to adequately deal with the drought and its consequences, the first step  is to understand the phenomenon and its effects in different dimensions to be able to draw up effective strategies in this regard. And he worked. Based on a scientific and logical research, it is necessary, first of all, to investigate the effects of this issue on different dimensions of life. Then, the present research seeks to answer the following question: How much is the economic, social, environmental and institutional-physical effects of drought on management in the rural areas? The life of the rural community, among the three existing human societies in Iran, due to drought-induced crises, has had many destructive effects in rural life, and faced them with many challenges. It has had a major impact on the economy and its livelihoods, so that past strategies for managing droughts in rural areas have not been so successful and have not been able to resolve the issues such as water scarcity, and easing rangelands and migration. Kermanshah province is the sixth province of the country due to drought problems. As a result of recent droughts, about 550 villages in the province suffered from a mild crisis. Enormous damages caused to the province due to drought and frost in 2008 exceeded 800 billion USD.
 
Materials and methods
The statistical population of the study is all the households more than 20 members in seven rural districts. Using the Cochran formula, 374 samples of them (located in 21 villages have been selected for the analysis. To analyze the data, confirmatory factor analysis method was used in SPSS 22 and Smart-Pls software.  
Results and discussion
The economic dimension of drought management indicates the significance of economic dimension to drought management, with the path coefficient of 0.251 between these two. The drought management is explained directly by the social dimension, with the value of 23.999 and the path coefficient of 0.351, the environmental dimension, with the value of 23.449 and the path coefficient 0.168, and the institutional-institutional subfield, with the value of 32.421 and the path coefficient of 0.381. Therefore, in order to prevent the effects of drought in rural areas of the study area, it is necessary to identify appropriate and effective factors for planning. According to the research findings, the most important factors affecting drought management in rural areas are social dimension. This can be used to reduce drought consequences, increase investment incentives for drought management among locals, use of drought tolerant cultivars, change in cultivars, the process of transformation from agriculture and traditional livestock into new ways, the appropriateness of current consumption methods in villages. The economic factors in rural areas are including low-interest facilities and grants to drought-affected groups, cash subsidies, supporting investment and entrepreneurship in drought-affected areas, the availability of suitable and permanent jobs for dealing with droughts, diversification of production resources and access to the goods and services for agricultural products and handicrafts for proper use of water and soil.
Conclusion
In management of drought in rural areas of Islamabad, planning should prioritize the factors affecting drought management, especially social factors. Accordingly, first, government measures should be taken to create the technical, institutional and service infrastructure in the region. Then, based on the capabilities of the region, with regard to the prestigious rural population, the basic measures are consistent with public participation as well as the prevention of migration. 

Keywords

References

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Physical Geography Research
Volume 51, Issue 3
October 2019
Pages 403-416

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History

  • Receive Date: 27 January 2019
  • Revise Date: 01 May 2019
  • Accept Date: 01 May 2019

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