نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل
نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران
3 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشیار، دانشگاه تهران
4 دانشگاه پلی‌تکنیک والنسیا، اسپانیا
5 دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
river erosion is always one of the main factors in the risk of energy transmission lines and oil and gas pipelines. In this paper, using the Pipeline Risk Screening Matrix (PRSM) and the ANP model, stream pipelines in the Iran gas trunk – line 9 (IGAT 9), in the province of Khuzestan with a length of 170 km were investigated. For this purpose, using the ANP model, four main categories of criteria were included: the criteria "pipeline situation to the streams", "Hydrogeomorphology", "geomorphology" and "other environmental factors", with 36 sub-criteria, then using the PRSM model and the questionnaire were sub-criteria scoring in the Super decision software, as well as a pipeline hazard risk classification map. The results showed that the "pipeline situation to the streams" criterion has the highest risk and response to pipeline hazards among the four criteria. The most important sub-criteria with the highest risk profile are construction method, mountain, drainage and geology. Risk map is also in the range of Shushtar and km 150+ to 170+ in east of Dezful. The 9th gas pipeline has the highest risk situation and increased stream and rivers response in mountain geomorphology unit.
Kay words: hazard, stream erosion, gas pipeline, pipeline risk screening matrix, Iran gas trunk line-9.
Introduction
In the world, most of the research work on the hazards of pipelines (oil and gas pipelines) is in the United States, Canada and Russia, respectively. also Western European countries, in particular the UK, have had research in this field. In Iran, pipeline failure or damage to the pipeline is eroded annually. For example, Rafsanjan-Naein-Esfahan oil pipeline (2013), Ray-Tabriz (2017), In Iran, there is no comprehensive study in which the geomorphological impact of the erosion damages to the pipelines unlike the long history (over 110 year records) of the oil and gas industry. In this paper, the purpose is to identify and assess of the risk stream response by using of pipeline risk screening axis relation to IGAT 9. In Iran, there is no comprehensive study in which the geomorphological impact of the erosion of the stream due to the damage caused to the pipelines by the history of more than 110 years of the oil and gas industry has not been addressed. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main criteria affecting the pipeline and to estimate the reaction and response of the streams to it, as well as to estimate the risk situation and increase the response of stream and rivers.
Method and result
In this study, using the Pipeline Risk Screening Matrix (PRSM) and the ANP model Iran gas trunk – line 9 (IGAT 9), erosion risk has been investigated. In the ANP model, first four main criteria including the criteria "pipeline situation to the streams", "Hydrogeomorphology", "geomorphology" and "other environmental factors", factors were compared with a total of 36 sub-criteria. Also, in order to prepare maps used in this research, 10 meters Dem, 1/10,000 m. Aerial photographs, 1/50000, 1954 and 1/10000, 2005, satellite images of Land sat 2018 were also used. The software used in this article includes GIS and Super Decision and Google Mapper.
Conclusion
In general, it follows that from the four criteria examined ("pipeline situation to the streams", "Hydrogeomorphology", "geomorphology" and "other environmental factors") using the ANP method, the criterion " pipeline situation to the streams relative to the stream and Rivers "have the highest risk profile and response to pipeline hazards. Then three other criteria are in the following stages: geomorphology, hydrogeomorphology, and other environmental factors. The most important sub-criteria with the highest risk and response status of the river and river are four of the criteria mentioned below are "construction method", "mountain", "stream displacement" and "geology". Therefore, km 90+ to 110+ in northern Shushtar and km 150+ to 165+ in East Dezful, the ninth gas pipeline has the highest risk profile as well as increased river and river reactivity, which is in the geomorphology unit Mountains are in need of management-engineering measures, as well as a redefinition of the plan for managing the risks of erosion of the river and the river. For decrease of stream response risk and improvement Iran gas trunk – line 9, need to tight management – engineering measurements and Geomorphologically in case of erosion stream and restoration and review of project of rout line.
Conclusion
In general, it follows that from the four criteria examined ("pipeline situation to the streams", "Hydrogeomorphology", "geomorphology" and "other environmental factors") using the ANP method, the criterion " pipeline situation to the streams relative to the stream and Rivers "have the highest risk profile and response to pipeline hazards. Then three other criteria are in the following stages: geomorphology, hydrogeomorphology, and other environmental factors. The most important sub-criteria with the highest risk and response status of the river and river are four of the criteria mentioned below are "construction method", "mountain", "stream displacement" and "geology". Therefore, km 90+ to 110+ in northern Shushtar and km 150+ to 165+ in East Dezful, the ninth gas pipeline has the highest risk profile as well as increased river and river reactivity, which is in the geomorphology unit Mountains are in need of management-engineering measures, as well as a redefinition of the plan for managing the risks of erosion of the river and the river. For decrease of stream response risk and improvement Iran gas trunk – line 9, need to tight management – engineering measurements and Geomorphologically in case of erosion stream and restoration and review of project of rout line.
Conclusion
In general, it follows that from the four criteria examined ("pipeline situation to the streams", "Hydrogeomorphology", "geomorphology" and "other environmental factors") using the ANP method, the criterion " pipeline situation to the streams relative to the stream and Rivers "have the highest risk profile and response to pipeline hazards. Then three other criteria are in the following stages: geomorphology, hydrogeomorphology, and other environmental factors. The most important sub-criteria with the highest risk and response status of the river and river are four of the criteria mentioned below are "construction method", "mountain", "stream displacement" and "geology". Therefore, km 90+ to 110+ in northern Shushtar and km 150+ to 165+ in East Dezful, the ninth gas pipeline has the highest risk profile as well as increased river and river reactivity, which is in the geomorphology unit Mountains are in need of management-engineering measures, as well as a redefinition of the plan for managing the risks of erosion of the river and the river. For decrease of stream response risk and improvement Iran gas trunk – line 9, need to tight management – engineering measurements and Geomorphologically in case of erosion stream and restoration and review of project of rout line.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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